More strength for Australian dollar after high inflation


February 25 was a significant day for the Australian dollar as annual inflation held at 3.8%, raising the possibility that the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) will keep rates on hold for a longer period of time or possibly raise them further. Recent announcements of new US tariffs have not had a significant impact on the Australian dollar. This article summarizes the latest Australian economic data, then briefly looks at the AUDUSD and AUDJPY charts.

Annual headline inflation in Australia has remained significantly above target since last summer, prompting the RBA to move against the general direction of travel among central banks and raise the cash rate to 3.85% in early February. The RBA indicated a data-dependent approach to rates in 2026, but it may suggest further hikes if inflation remains so high:

Australia's inflation rate (%). Source: tradeeconomics.com / Australian Bureau of Statistics
Australia’s inflation rate (%). Source: tradeeconomics.com / Australian Bureau of Statistics

After peaking in July 2025, annual headline inflation in Australia has continued to rise since then to the current 3.8%. Both January and December results were unexpectedly high, but last month’s number was only 0.1% above consensus. The primary factor driving higher inflation in January was the withdrawal of states’ electricity exemptions. At the same time, the labor market does not seem to be significantly reduced:

Australia's unemployment rate (%). Source: tradeeconomics.com / Australian Bureau of Statistics
Australia’s unemployment rate (%). Source: tradeeconomics.com / Australian Bureau of Statistics

Conversely, the last two jobs reports from Australia were overall positive, with unemployment at 4.1% in January also 0.1% below consensus. There are currently no signs that the rise in unemployment since last summer is likely to continue immediately. However, the unemployment rate without seasonal adjustments rose to 5.9%, suggesting that the tight labor market indicated by the RBA may not necessarily continue.

Australia’s overall economic growth as measured by GDP remains subdued overall but not as stagnant as in some other major developed economies. GDP growth of 0.4% in the third quarter of 2025 was significantly higher than the low of 0.1% in the last quarter of 2023.

The RBA and traders are also looking ahead to Australian GDP data for the final quarter on March 4. It is expected to be significantly stronger at around 0.8%. If so, it may suggest more hawkish signs from the RBA in its statement on March 17, but it is questionable whether this will be a new round of tightening or just one more hike is likely this year.

Current expectations from money markets suggest an around 80% chance of the RBA hiking in May to 4.1%. The RBA’s current forecasts suggest a rise in annual headline inflation to around 4.2% this summer, so it is important to monitor any updates to this.

Reserve Bank of Australia

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