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Ethereum developers have outlined the ambitious “2029 Strawmap,” a three-year plan that proposes seven major network updates designed to overhaul the blockchain’s core architecture while keeping the system alive throughout the process.
This initiative aims to make Ethereum faster, more scalable and more competitive with rival networks and to strengthen its appeal to developers, institutions and enterprises.
The plan organizes the evolution of Ethereum around five main goals. Focuses on speed at first. Currently, transactions take about 13 to 15 minutes to reach final irreversibility. Strawmap proposes to design a consensus mechanism to finalize transactions per slot, potentially reducing slot times from the current 12 seconds to 2. Such improvements will significantly reduce settlement risk for large financial transactions executed on-chain.
The second goal is to transfer money. Ethereum currently processes around 15-30 transactions per second. Using zero-knowledge proofs, the researchers aim to scale the mainnet to around 10,000 transactions per second, significantly expanding performance without sacrificing security. Achieving this requires a significant leap in prover performance, as generating these proofs currently takes minutes or hours for complex calculations.
The third objective focuses on the expansion of layer 2 ecosystems. By expanding Ethereum’s data access through methods such as the Data Access Pattern, developers aim to enable up to 10 million transactions per second on Layer 2 networks. The previous foundations for this expansion were introduced in the Fusaka update via PeerDAS.
 
Two additional goals address barriers to long-term sustainability and adoption. Strawmap proposes to move Ethereum to quantum-resistant cryptography to protect the network from potential future threats from quantum computing. Meanwhile, developers aim to integrate native privacy features that allow transaction confirmation without revealing sensitive details, such as counterparties or transfer amounts.
To deliver this change, the plan is to launch seven installments about six months apart, starting with the Glamsterdam upgrade, followed by Hegota and additional upgrades until 2029. Each release introduces incremental improvements and ensures that the network continues to operate while its original architecture is gradually replaced.
Despite its ambitions, the Strawmap is presented as a coordination framework rather than a set promise. Its progress depends on advances in cryptography, hardware acceleration, and software testing.
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